The Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to the Trail of Tears, which refers to the forced relocation and movement of Native American families from the southeastern parts of the United States. About 17,000 Cherokees—along with approximately 2,000 black slaves owned by Cherokees—were removed from their homes. The number of people who died as a result of the Trail of Tears has been estimated at around 4,000.