Obstetric phantom, Italy, 1701-1800 Manipulating the cloth 'baby' in the womb of this almost life-size model of the female torso shows how birth takes place, shows how abnormal positions of the child affect the process. The wood and leather model was used to teach medical students, and possibly midwives, about childbirth. Using instruments to intervene in delivering a live child was still quite rare in the 1700s. Caesarean sections were rarely attempted.